An inanga ni ikintu gikomeye gikoreshwa mukurinda ubwato, imiterere, cyangwa imizigo muguhindura imbaraga mubutaka cyangwa mumazi. Mu rwego rwo mu nyanja, birinda gutembera mu gufata hasi, mugihe mubwubatsi no kuzamuka, bitanga ingingo zihamye. Gusobanukirwa ubukanishi, ubwoko, hamwe no gutoranya neza inanga ningirakamaro kumutekano no gukora neza muruganda rutandukanye.
Inanga ni iki kandi ikora ite?
Ihame ryibanze inyuma ya inanga bikubiyemo guhindura imbaraga zo gukurura imbaraga muburyo buhagaritse gufata imbaraga. Iyo yoherejwe, igikoresho gikorana na substrate - yaba umucanga, icyondo, urutare, cyangwa beto - kugirango irwanye. Iyi mikoranire ishingiye cyane kubishushanyo mbonera bya geometrike nibintu bifatika byo mu nyanja cyangwa umusingi.
Mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja, inanga ntabwo ikora nk'uburemere buremereye. Ahubwo, ibishushanyo bigezweho bifashisha flukes cyangwa imikindo icukura mubutaka. Mugihe impagarara ziyongereye kuri rode (umurongo uhuza ubwato na ankeri), igikoresho kirashyingura cyane, bikongerera ubushobozi bwo gufata. Ubu buryo bwo kwishyingura nuburyo bwibanze bwa sisitemu nziza.
Kubikorwa byinganda nubwubatsi, igitekerezo gihinduka gato ariko kigumana logique yibanze yo kohereza imitwaro. Hano, an inanga bikunze kwerekeza kumashini cyangwa imiti yometse muri beto cyangwa mububaji. Ibi bikoresho bikwirakwiza imihangayiko ahantu hanini kugirango wirinde gukuramo kunanirwa munsi yimitwaro ihamye cyangwa ihagaze.
Imiterere yo gufata imbaraga
Gufata imbaraga ntabwo ari agaciro gahamye; ni dinamike kandi ishingiye kubihinduka byinshi. Inguni yo gukurura yenda niyo mpamvu ikomeye cyane. Kubyinshi byashyinguwe, gukurura gutambuka bitanga imbaraga zo guhangana cyane. Niba inguni ihindutse cyane, igikoresho gishobora kuva mu butaka aho gucukura.
- Ibice bigize ibice: Icyondo cyoroshye gisaba ahantu hanini, mugihe umucanga ukomeye wunguka cyane.
- Ikigereranyo cy'ibipimo: Uburebure bwurugendo ugereranije nubujyakuzimu bwamazi bugena inguni ikurura.
- Gushiraho Igihe: Kwemerera inanga gutuza mbere yo gukoresha umutwaro wuzuye byemeza gushiramo neza.
Inzobere mu nganda zishimangira ko gusobanukirwa n’imikoranire yumubiri ari ngombwa muguhitamo ibikoresho byiza. Kudahuza ubwoko bwa ankeri hamwe nibidukikije bishobora gutera kunanirwa gukabije, utitaye ku mbaraga zapimwe.
Ubwoko bwibanze bwa Anch hirya no hino mu nganda
Ijambo “inanga”Ikubiyemo ibishushanyo bitandukanye bitandukanye, buri kintu cyateganijwe kugirango ibintu bishoboke. Kubashyira mu byiciro bifasha abakoresha kumenya igisubizo kiboneye kubyo basabwa bidasanzwe. Amacakubiri yibanze abaho hagati yimikoreshereze yinyanja hamwe nubuhanga bwububiko.
Ibishushanyo byo mu nyanja
Mu rwego rwo mu nyanja, ubwihindurize bwateje imbere imiterere yihariye. Ibishushanyo byambere byashingiraga gusa kuri misa, ariko moderi yiki gihe yibanda kubikorwa bya geometrike. Intego ni ugukoresha imbaraga nyinshi kuri buri gice cyibiro, koroshya gufata no kubika byoroshye.
Isuka yo Guhinga: Ahumekewe nubuhinzi bwubuhinzi, iki gishushanyo kirimo fluke imwe igoramye. Nibyiza cyane mubyatsi cyangwa ibyatsi bibi aho izindi nkuge zishobora gusimbuka. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gusubiramo vuba niba umuyaga uhindutse bituma ukundwa mumato.
Imiterere ya Danforth: Kuranga ibintu bibiri binini, binini bifatanye ku ikamba, ubu bwoko butanga imbaraga zidasanzwe zo gufata ibyondo n'umucanga. Nyamara, imiterere yacyo nini irashobora gutuma stowage igora kumato mato afite umwanya muto.
Inanga ya Claw: Ubusanzwe byakozwe kububiko bwa peteroli yo mu nyanja ya ruguru, iki gikoresho kimeze nk'icyuma gifata inyanja neza. Azwiho kwizerwa mubihe byubutare nubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata neza bitabaye ngombwa ko byinjira cyane.
Inzego zubaka nubwubatsi
Mu bwubatsi ,. inanga ikora nkumuhuza wingenzi hagati yimikorere nibikoresho fatizo. Ibi byashyizwe mubice byubukanishi nubumashini, buri kimwe gitanga inyungu zitandukanye bitewe nibisabwa umutwaro hamwe nubusugire bwubutaka.
Imashini zikoresha imashini: Ibi bishingiye ku guterana amagambo cyangwa guhuza. Inanga yo kwaguka yaguka imbere mu mwobo wacukuwe kugira ngo ifate beto, mu gihe inanga zo munsi zifunga mu mwobo wihariye. Zitanga ubushobozi bwo kwikorera imitwaro ako kanya.
Ibikoresho bya shimi: Ukoresheje ibishishwa bya resin, sisitemu ihuza inkoni ifatanye nibikoresho bikikije. Nibyiza kubikorwa byinshi-biremereye hamwe nimpande aho kwagura imashini bishobora gutera gucika. Igihe cyo gukira kiratandukanye ukurikije ubushyuhe hamwe na resin.
Kugereranya Isesengura rya Anchor Sisitemu
Guhitamo neza inanga bisaba gusobanukirwa neza uburyo sisitemu zitandukanye zikora mubihe bitandukanye. Kugereranya gukurikira birerekana itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati yinyanja isanzwe nuburyo bwo kuyobora kugirango bayobore ibyemezo.
| Ubwoko bwa Anchor | Ibitekerezo byiza | Ibyiza by'ingenzi | Imipaka |
| Guhinga inanga | Icyatsi, ibyatsi, bivanze | Ubushobozi buhebuje bwo gusubiramo | Irashobora kurwanira icyondo cyoroshye |
| Imiterere ya Danforth | Umusenyi, Icyondo | Ikigereranyo kinini-gifatika | Umwirondoro mwinshi |
| Inzara | Urutare, Umusenyi ukomeye | Yizewe muburyo bugoye | Imikorere yo hasi mubyatsi bibi |
| Kwagura imashini | Beto ikomeye | Ubushobozi bwo kwikorera ako kanya | Ibyago bya substrate guturika hafi yinkombe |
| Amashanyarazi | Beton yamenetse, Masonry | Imipaka iremereye cyane, nta guhangayika kwaguka | Irasaba gukira igihe mbere yo gupakira |
Iyi mbonerahamwe irerekana ko nta numwe inanga isumba byose. Guhitamo kwiza guhora gushingiye kumiterere. Kurugero, icyombo gikunze kugenda hagati yumusenyi wumusenyi hamwe nudusimba twamabuye dushobora gushyira imbere igishushanyo mbonera, mugihe imyanda ihoraho mumashanyarazi yoroshye yagirira akamaro inanga nini ya fluke.
Ibipimo byimikorere mubyukuri-Isi
Inganda zerekana ko guhitamo neza bishobora kongera gufata neza ku ntera igaragara. Mubutaka bworoshye, inanga yihariye ya fluke irashobora kurenza igishushanyo mbonera rusange cyibintu bibiri cyangwa byinshi. Ibinyuranye, mubumba bipakiye ibumba, ubushobozi bwo kwinjira mumasuka biba ikintu gifata umwanzuro.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, mubwubatsi, guhitamo hagati ya mashini na chimique akenshi bigena imipaka yumutekano wimiterere. Ibidukikije byinyeganyeza cyane, nkibiri hafi yimashini ziremereye, akenshi bikenera ibyuma byimiti bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira igihe.
Intambwe ku yindi Intambwe yo kuyobora Anchor Kohereza
Kwishyiriraho neza no kohereza birakomeye nkuguhitamo kwa inanga ubwayo. Ndetse igikoresho cyateye imbere cyane kizananirwa niba kidakozwe neza. Uburyo bukurikira bugaragaza imikorere myiza yaba inyanja nuburyo bukoreshwa.
Uburyo bwo kohereza mu nyanja
Kurinda ubwato bisaba uburyo bunoze bwo kwemeza ko inanga ihagaze neza kandi ikarinda ihindagurika ry’ikirere. Kwihutisha iyi nzira nimpamvu isanzwe yo gukurura.
- Suzuma uko ibintu bimeze: Suzuma icyerekezo cyumuyaga, icyerekezo, ninyanja mbere yo kwegera aho hantu.
- Kwegera buhoro: Kujya mumuyaga cyangwa umuyaga hanyuma ugabanye umuvuduko kugera hafi aho wifuza.
- Hasi, Ntugatererane: Kumanura buhoro buhoro inanga kugeza ikoze hasi. Kureka hejuru yuburebure birashobora kwangiza urunigi cyangwa kwangiza umugozi.
- Hindura buhoro: Koresha ibikoresho byinyuma witonze kugirango ushireho umugozi. Ibi bituma inanga yerekeza neza.
- Koresha impagarara: Iyo urwego ruhagije rumaze koherezwa, shyira mu gaciro uciriritse kugirango ucukure amazi mu nyanja.
- Kugenzura Gushiraho: Reba ibimenyetso byerekana neza cyangwa GPS ihuza kugirango wemeze ko ubwato budakurura.
Abasare b'inararibonye bavuga ko "urugero" - igipimo cy'uburebure bw'urugendo n'uburebure bw'amazi - ni ngombwa. Umubare ntarengwa wa 5: 1 urasabwa mubisanzwe kugirango hatuje, kwiyongera kuri 7: 1 cyangwa hejuru yikirere gikabije kugirango ugumane impande zose.
Amabwiriza yo Kwubaka
Gushyira ibyuma byubaka bisaba ubwitonzi kugirango uburinganire bwuzuye. Gutandukana nababigenewe birashobora kubangamira inteko yose.
- Gutegura imyitozo: Koresha imyitozo ya nyundo hamwe na karbide bito bifite ubunini busobanutse neza.
- Sukura umwobo: Kuraho umukungugu wose hamwe n imyanda ukoresheje umwuka wugarije cyangwa brush. Umukungugu usigaye urinda guhuza neza cyangwa kwaguka.
- Shyiramo inanga: Shyira inanga ya mashini cyangwa utere imiti ikurikiza amabwiriza y'ibicuruzwa.
- Gusaba Torque: Kubwoko bwa mashini, komeza ibinyomoro kumurongo wagenwe kugirango ukoreshe uburyo bwo kwaguka.
- Igihe cyo gukiza: Kubikoresho bya chimique, tegereza igihe cyuzuye cyo gukiza mbere yo gukoresha umutwaro uwo ariwo wose. Ibi biratandukana bitewe n'ubushyuhe.
Gukurikiza izi ntambwe bigabanya ibyago byo gukuramo kunanirwa. Abashiraho babigize umwuga bakunze gukoresha kalibatifike ya torque kugirango barebe ko bahuza ingingo nyinshi zo gukosora.
Ibibazo bisanzwe hamwe no gukemura ibibazo
Nubwo gutegura neza, ibibazo birashobora kuvuka mugihe cyo gukoresha inanga. Kumenya ibimenyetso byambere byikibazo bituma habaho gutabara mugihe gikwiye, gukumira impanuka cyangwa ibyangiritse. Ibibazo bisanzwe biratandukanye cyane hagati yinyanja nubutaka.
Gukurura mu nyanja no kubeshya
Gukurura bibaho iyo an inanga yananiwe gufata ubwato mu mwanya. Ibi akenshi biterwa nurwego rudahagije, ubwoko bwo hasi budakwiye, cyangwa tekinike yo gushiraho. Niba icyombo gitangiye kugenda, harasabwa ibikorwa byihuse kugirango usubize inanga cyangwa wohereze iyakabiri.
Kubeshya bibaho mugihe inanga iguye mumabuye, imyanda, cyangwa insinga zishaje. Kugarura inanga yangiritse birashobora kugorana kandi birashobora gusaba ibikoresho byihariye byo kugarura cyangwa ubufasha bwo kwibira. Kugira ngo ibyo bigabanuke, abakoresha bamwe bakoresha imirongo yingendo ifatanye nikamba rya ankeri kugirango boroherezwe.
Uburyo bwo Kunanirwa muburyo
Mu bwubatsi, gusenyuka kwa beto ni impungenge kenshi. Ibi bibaho iyo umutwaro urenze ubushobozi bwibikoresho fatizo, bigatuma cone ya beto imeneka hafi ya inanga. Intera ikwiye hamwe nintera ningirakamaro kugirango wirinde ubu buryo bwo gutsindwa.
Ruswa ni irindi terabwoba rirambye, cyane cyane hanze cyangwa inyanja. Gukoresha ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ubushyuhe-bushyushye bwa ankeri ni imyitozo isanzwe kugirango uzamure igihe kirekire. Ubugenzuzi busanzwe bufasha kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare ingese cyangwa irekuye mbere yuko biba ingorabahizi.
Porogaramu n'inganda Koresha Imanza
Ubwinshi bwa inanga irenze kure cyane. Amahame yayo akoreshwa mubice bitandukanye aho umutekano n'umutekano aribyo byingenzi. Kuva ku mbaraga zo hanze kugeza kubaka-hejuru, ibyo bikoresho bigira uruhare rucecetse ariko rukomeye.
Ingufu zo hanze no gusubirwamo
Inganda z'umuyaga zigenda ziyongera zishingira cyane kubisubizo byateye imbere. Umuyaga ureremba hejuru bisaba sisitemu yo gushobora guhangana ningufu zikabije zo mu nyanja. Imyanya ihagaze neza hamwe nibirundo byokunywa bigenda bikoreshwa mukurinda izo nyubako nini mumazi maremare aho imfatiro gakondo zidakwiye.
Amavuta ya gazi na gazi bimaze igihe kinini bifashisha ibyuma bikurura hamwe na verisiyo ihagaritse (VLAs). Izi sisitemu zigomba gukomeza umwanya mumyaka mirongo mubihe bidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, byerekana kwizerwa kuramba gusabwa kurwego rwinganda.
Ibikorwa Remezo nubwubatsi
Ikiraro, imiringoti, hamwe ninkuta zigumana biterwa ninkuta zubutare hamwe n imisumari yubutaka kugirango ihagarike imisozi kandi ishyigikire imitwaro iremereye. Intsinga zitsindagiye zikora nkimbaraga zimbere, zirinda inkangu no guhinduranya imiterere. Ubwubatsi busobanutse bugira uruhare muriyi mishinga bushimangira akamaro ko kubara imitwaro nyayo hamwe na siyanse yibikoresho.
Mubuhanga bwa fasade, inanga itekanye urukuta rwumwenda hamwe na sisitemu yo kwambika amakadiri. Ibi bice bigomba kwaguka kwinshi nubushyuhe bwumuyaga mugihe gikomeza guhuza ubwiza. Kunanirwa kwa ankeri imwe muri sisitemu birashobora kugira ingaruka ziteye ubwoba, byerekana ko hakenewe igenzura rikomeye.
Impuguke zinzobere mubyerekezo bizaza
Urwego rwa tekinoroji ya ankoring ikomeje gutera imbere, bitewe nubushake bwo gukora neza kandi burambye. Abahanga berekana inzira nyinshi zigaragara zirimo guhindura uburyo inanga zakozwe kandi zikoreshwa.
Sisitemu ya Anchoring Sisitemu: Kwishyira hamwe kwa sensor hamwe na tekinoroji ya IoT itangiye kugaragara murwego rwohejuru rwo mumazi. Izi sisitemu zikurikirana impagarara, inguni, hamwe ninyanja mugihe nyacyo, ikamenyesha abashoramari kubishobora gukurura mbere yuko biba bibi.
Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije: Hano haribandwa cyane kugabanya imivurungano yinyanja. Ibishushanyo bishya bigamije kugabanya ikirenge cyibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja byoroshye kandi bikomeza imbaraga. Ibi birakenewe cyane cyane mukarere karinzwe ninyanja ya korali.
Ibikoresho bigezweho: Kwemeza imbaraga-nyinshi zivanze hamwe nibikoresho bikomatanya bituma byoroha nyamara bikomeye. Uku kugabanya ibiro kunoza imikorere kandi bigabanya gukoresha lisansi mugihe cyo gutwara no kohereza.
Gukora ibikorwa byiza no gutanga isoko
Inyuma ya buri sisitemu yizewe ya sisitemu iriho ubuhanga bukomeye bwo gukora. Nka sosiyete ikora inganda n’ubucuruzi ku isi ikorera i Handan, Hebei - umujyi uzwi cyane nk'ahantu h’inganda zihuta cyane mu Bushinwa - tuzobereye mu iterambere, gukora, no gukwirakwiza ibyuma bifata neza cyane hamwe n'ibikoresho by’ibikoresho. Hamwe nuburambe bwimyaka icumi yinganda, ibicuruzwa byacu, harimo na kasike kabuhariwe, amenyo yimbaho yogeje intama / ijisho ryintama, hamwe nibisubizo bitandukanye, byoherezwa mubihugu birenga 26 kwisi.
Kwiyemeza guhanga udushya bidutera gushora imari mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi no kumenyekanisha impano yubuhanga buhanitse. Mugukoresha tekinoroji igezweho yo gukora hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwo kugerageza, turemeza ko ibicuruzwa byacu byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga nka GB, DIN, JIS, na ANSI. Waba ukeneye ibisobanuro bisanzwe cyangwa ibisubizo byabugenewe byashizweho bijyanye nibikorwa byihariye bikenerwa, itsinda ryacu rya tekinike yabigize umwuga hamwe n’imashini zigezweho zitanga ibicuruzwa byiza cyane ku giciro cyo gupiganwa. Twisunze ihame ry "ubuziranenge ubanza, umukiriya ubanza," duharanira gutanga serivisi yatekerejweho yubaka ikizere kirambye kandi yujuje ibyifuzo byisoko ryisi yose.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)
Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe bifasha gusobanura imyumvire itari yo kandi bitanga ibisubizo byihuse kubibazo bifatika bijyanye inanga guhitamo no gukoresha.
Nigute nahitamo ubunini bwa ankeri kubwato bwanjye?
Guhitamo biterwa ahanini n'uburebure bw'ubwato, uburemere, n'umuyaga. Ababikora batanga ibishushanyo mbonera bishingiye kuri ibi bipimo. Mubisanzwe nibyiza kugereranywa niba uhuye nikirere gikaze cyangwa gufata nabi hasi.
Imiti ya chimique irashobora gukoreshwa mubyobo bitose?
Ibisigarira bisanzwe bya polyester birashobora guhangana nubushuhe, ariko epoxy na vinyl ester yihariye yabugenewe kugirango itose cyangwa imyuzure yuzuye. Buri gihe ugenzure ibicuruzwa bya tekiniki yerekana ibipimo byo kwihanganira amazi.
Ubuzima bw'inyanja yo mu nyanja ni ubuhe?
Hamwe no gufata neza no gusya, icyuma gishobora kumara imyaka mirongo. Ariko, guhora kwangiza amabuye no guhura namazi yumunyu birashobora kwihuta kwambara. Kugenzura buri gihe kunanura ibyuma cyangwa gusudira byacitse ni ngombwa.
Kuki inanga yanjye yakwegereye nubwo iremereye?
Ibiro byonyine ntibisobanura gufata imbaraga. Niba inguni yo gukurura ihanamye cyane cyangwa flukes zananiwe kwinjira muri substrate, niyo inanga iremereye izakurura. Kugenzura urwego ruhagije hamwe nubuhanga bukwiye bwo gushiraho akenshi ni ngombwa kuruta kongera ibiro.
Ese ibyuma bidafite ingese bifite agaciro kiyongereye?
Kubikoresho byabitswe mumazi yumunyu cyangwa gusaba bisaba kurwanya ruswa nyinshi, ibyuma bitagira umwanda nigishoro cyiza. Itanga kuramba cyane hamwe nuburanga, nubwo biza ku giciro cyo hejuru cyambere ugereranije nicyuma.
Umwanzuro no Guhitamo Ibyifuzo
Uwiteka inanga ikomeza kuba igikoresho cyingirakamaro mu nyanja, ubwubatsi, n’inganda. Imikorere yacyo ishingiye ku bufatanye hagati ya geometrie, ubwiza bwibintu, hamwe nogukoresha neza. Haba kurinda ubwato mu gihuhusi cyangwa guhagarika isura yikirere, amahame yo kwimura imizigo hamwe nubufatanye bwa substrate bikomeza guhoraho.
Guhitamo igisubizo gikwiye bisaba gusuzuma neza ibidukikije n'ibisabwa umutwaro. Abasare bagomba gushyira imbere ibintu byinshi kandi bagasubiramo ubushobozi, mugihe injeniyeri agomba kwibanda kubipimo byimitwaro no guhuza ibikorwa. Nta nanga "nziza" kuri bose; guhitamo neza ni buri gihe guhuza ibibazo byihariye byurubuga rwakazi.
Kubashaka kuzamura sisitemu zabo zubu, intambwe ikurikira irimo ubushakashatsi burambuye kurubuga cyangwa isesengura ryinyanja. Baza inzobere mu nganda kugirango usuzume ibyo ukeneye kandi ushakishe iterambere rigezweho mu ikoranabuhanga rya ankoring. Gushora iburyo inanga uyumunsi irinda umutekano, ituze, namahoro yo mumutima mumyaka iri imbere.
